The Government of Meghalaya with financial help from the World Bank is implementing the Meghalaya Community Led Landscape Management Project (MCLLMP). The project will cover the entire state of Meghalaya and implementation of community led plans will be rolled out in phase manner throughout the state. The Meghalaya Basin Management Agency (MBMA) will facilitate community-led planning by providing support, technical inputs and funding.
Theprojectisintendedtostrengthencommunity-lednaturalresourcesmanagementin selected landscapes within the 11 districts of the state. This would be achieved through a variety of planning, capacity building, and on-the-ground interventions to promote the conservation, sustainable use of natural resources, social inclusion and community mobilisation; building traditional knowledge and learning, mapping of natural resources management; strengthening the community institutions and creating linkage with financial institutions and community organizations.
The project interventions include preparation of community led natural resource management plans. The CLLMP has the following three components:
Strengthening Knowledge and Capacity of Communities for NaturalResources Management
Community-Led Landscape Planning and Implementation
Project Management and Governance
The project objective is “to manage and conserve the natural resources, especially forests, soil and water sources, in a manner that supports the financial and physical well-being of communities in the State”
The CLLM-Programme focuses on increasing the capacities of communities and traditional institutions (TI) by adopting a landscape approach to manage their natural resources such as soil, springs and other water sources, forests and bio-diversity, etc.
The project will be planned and implemented in about 400 villages across the state.
CLLMP has a strong focus on institution-building at the village-level, by ensuring systematic capacity-building on technical and social skill-sets.
The project will also extend such training to communities beyond the targeted villages and support efforts made by them to access funding from various rural and natural resources initiatives and schemes.
The programme will also invest in improving the process and outcome delivery, by developing and adhering to effective systems and procedures, supported by the appropriate technology.
Benefits for community (Skills and Capacity relating to technical and managerial areas like NRM and Conflict resolution
Benefits to traditional institutions (village councils, traditional leaders, community-based organizations, SHGs etc) through Knowledge sharing, promotion of innovative approach, access to technology, technical managerial and financial support.
It is estimated that the project will impact around 1 lakh partners (of which 50% are women) who depend on land, forest, agroforestry.
Through the project, 55000 Ha of targeted area will be ensured with availability of water, biological resources and soil productivity, which will in turn benefit around 400 villages and the outcomes delivery can be summarized as follows.
The Project is executed by the MBMA in collaboration with other partners particularly, SIRD (for training and capacity building), Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Water Resource Department, Forest Department, specifically with respect to technical inputs, safeguards management and Community NRM plan preparation
2018-2023 (5 years)
Introduction
Mawroh Village falls under Umling C&RD block of Ri-Bhoi district in the state of Meghalaya. The village is at a distance of 1 Km from Nongpoh, the district headquarters of Ri Bhoi District and is at a total distance of 53 Kms from the state capital, Shillong. It falls under Raid Nongpoh with a total geographical area of 101.27 ha and a total population of 1020 villagers.
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Brief History
It was founded in the year 1950 and the first headman was (L) Top Singh Marai. Mawroh village lies adjacent to Nongpoh on the western side. There is a real incident that occurred in the past that explains why this village is named “Mawroh.” There is a rock that lies on the side of the road that leads to Nongkhrah village near the intersection that leads to St. Stephan Convent. It is said that anyone who passes by near this rock is supposed to praise the rock and to not talk bad about it. That is the reason why the rock is known as “Maw Iaroh” or “A rock to be praised” and the village came to be known as “Mawroh.” It was said that anyone who stumbles on this rock or who would desecrate this rock would face unexplained ailments.
This village is one of the well-known villages in the Nongpoh Area. It has a school that is renowned all over the district, which is the St. Paul Higher Secondary School and it also has another school which is Morningstar Secondary School. The village also has two daily morning markets and various Government Offices like the Labour Office, DIPR Office, and ChildLine office are also located in the village. In the village there is also a Government Inspection Bungalow which was constructed since the time of the British and many dignitaries and officers of the government use this Bungalow and even reside here when needed. In the middle of the village there is also a Catholic Mission house which oversaw the Boarding Boys and works of the Missionaries all over the district in the past. The village also has a Convent known as St. Stephan Convent in its vicinity.
Mawroh village has a Village Reserve Forest which is located on Mawspeng hill and Mawsyntu hill. This forest covers about 25 Hectares of the village area and it also functions as a ViewPoint of the village. The area of the village is about 5 KM Square and is surrounded by Umbuda village on the East, Nongkhrah village on the North, Paham Lapong village on the South and Nongpoh on the West.
Social Profile
Mawroh village is located in Umling Block of Ri-Bhoi District, in the state of Meghalaya. It came into existence in the year 1950. The distance from the District Headquarter to Mawroh is 1 km and the village is under the supervision of the Rangbah Shnong. The total number of households is 216 and has a population of 1020 people. Agriculture and its allied activities are highly in vogue, where some few others are also enrolled in government and teaching jobs and some few inhabitants are engaged in local businesses.
The traditional form of governance prevails where the village head is the Rangbah shnong. There is a Village Employment Council (VEC) that oversees the implementation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act and other developmental works. Besides women representation in the VEC, the village women are members of a women only village based organization that provides them a platform for decision making on various issues pertaining to the village.
There are a number of streams and springs in and around the village. The main source of livelihood is agriculture. The Village not only produces cash crops but also various fruits, vegetables, tomatoes and Ginger.
There are two secondary schools inside the village, Mawroh. The Primary Health Centre is 4 km away and the Community Health Centre is 120 m away; the nearest Bank is about 70 m away and the Post office is also 100m from the village.
Population
The total population of Mawroh in 2020 is 1020. Out of this, 493 are males while the female count is 527. This village has 90 children in the age group of 0-4 years, among them 53 are boys and 42 are girls..
Age Group | Male | Female | Total |
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0-4 | 53 | 42 | 90 |
5-14 | 45 | 55 | 100 |
15-30 | 120 | 100 | 220 |
30-60 | 230 | 270 | 500 |
Above 60 | 45 | 60 | 105 |
BPL/APL Household:
Particulars | No. of HH |
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BPL HH | 110 |
APL HH | 106 |
Card Holding Household:
Particulars | No. of HH |
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Total HH | 216 |
Ration Card HH | 216 |
Health Card HH | 216 |
Fuel Type:
Fuel Type | Total HH |
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Charcoal | 12 |
Biomass | 0 |
Wood | 70 |
LPG | 187 |
Electric Heater | 40 |
Kerosene | 50 |
OCCUPATION: The people of the village rely on
agriculture and forest products for their livelihood. The main
occupation of the villagers is farming followed by Teachers,
Shopkeepers and Govt. Servants.
CLLMP ACTIVITIES
Ground Truthing Dated: 19th of June 2019
The CLLMP team met with Mr. Opel Lyngdoh, headman of Mawroh village on the 19th of June 2019. He provided the team with important information regarding the current scenario of the landscape and the natural resource management under his chairmanship.
Figure 1 : Ground-truthing at Mawroh Village.
Case Findings& Selection parameters: -
1. There are 216 Households out of which 110 Households fall under the BPL category.
2. VEC actively performing.
3. Approximately 20-25 acres of community forest available.
4. Scope for Water Sources to be developed
5. Need for Community Nursery and Vermi-Compost
5. The Community members expressed their need to build a fish sanctuary.
The Village has been selected under the Community Led Landscape Management Project
2. Sensitization Programme Dated: 20.06.2019
The District Project Manager and the Assistant Managers held a village Level sensitization Programme on the Community Led Landscape Management project on the 20th of June 2019.The villagers actively participated in the program, voicing out their concerns and questions regarding the project making it a huge success.
The CLLMP officials gave a brief introduction on Meghalaya Basin
Management Agency (MBMA) and explained about the various programmes
and projects that MBMA is working on, they then gave a detailed
introduction on the Community led Landscape Management Project
(CLLMP) and the different aspects and procedures that the villagers
and the CLLMP team should carry out during the course of the project
and the importance of the involvement of the community for the
CLLM-Project to be a success. They gave due importance to the
environmental aspects of the project and enlightened them on the
various benefits that the villagers could obtain from the
project.
The Program was followed by an interactive session to answer the doubts and questions of the villagers some of which are mentioned below.
2.2 Signing of Documents:
After the interactive session, the village signed the EOI, VGA and Green charter followed by the selection of candidates for the Village Natural Resource Management Committee. The Village Executive Committee (VEC) and the entire community carried out the procedure and elected the members of the VNRMC on the same day.
2.3 Formation of the VNRMC
The Formation of the Village Natural Resource Management Committee was done in a public meeting in the presence of the entire village and the CLLMP staffs. The community itself chose the President, the Secretary and the other executive members of the Committee.
Listed below are the members of the VNRMC:
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Name in Full | Designation | Gender M/F | Age (Yrs) | Education | Occupation | Community | Religion and Denomination | Contact No and email address | |
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Orestar Syngkli | President | M | 56 | X | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | 9774493520 | |
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Jacqueline Lyngdoh | Secretary | F | 43 | XII | Govt. Employed | Khasi | Christian | 8256949894 | |
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Ricky Majaw | Book keeper | M | 33 | X | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | 8837478194 | |
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Shembor Nongshli | Member | M | 36 | X | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | 8974128764 | |
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Clement Lyngdoh | Member | M | 32 | Graduate | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | 8794793427 | |
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Lambok Rymbai | Member | M | 35 | XII | Self Employed | Khasi | Christian | 8787781398 | |
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M. Rymbai | Member | F | 63 | VIII | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | NA | |
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Elis Kharnaior | Member | F | 52 | X | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | NA | |
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Floris Suchiang | Member | F | 34 | VIII | Self employed | Khasi | Christian | 8794811422 |
Village Community Facilitators | ||||||
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Sl.No. | Name | Gender | Age | Education | Contact Number | Role |
1 | Wanbok Lyngdoh | F | 32 | XI | 6009950494 | Social & Knowledge Management |
2 | Ricky Majaw | M | 34 | XI | 8837478194 | Environment & GIS |
3 | Albert Marwein | M | 25 | XII | 7085719898 | Project Management and M & E |
Purchase Committee | |||
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Sl.No. | Name | Gender | Contact Number |
1 | Opel Lyngdoh | Male | 9863017771 |
2 | Tilda Kharmawphlang | Female | 9863081125 |
3 | T. Nongkhlaw | Male | 9436107572 |
3. Opening of a Bank Account.
The opening of the bank account was initiated after the village signed the EOI (Expression of Interest), the VGA (Village Grant Agreement) and the Green Charter. The Accountant of the Ri Bhoi CLLMP team trained the Purchasing and Procurement Committee of Mawroh Village on matters relating to Accounts and Bookkeeping on the 25th of November 2019. The VNRMC Mawroh opened its bank Account on the 23rd September 2019
Figure 6 :Training provided to members of the purchasing committee
The EE Accounts of CLLMP Team Ri Bhoi District trained the Purchasing and Procurement Committee of Mawroh Village On the 11 th November,2020.
Topics Covered:
Principles of Community Procurement
Benefits of Community Procurement
Important aspects undertaken by Community Procurement.
Procurement Process/Steps
Function of Purchase Committee
Important Procurement records to be maintained
Financial limits and methods
Maintaining the books of Accounts.
4. Participatory Rural Appraisal Exercise
26thSeptember 2019
The PRA exercise aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of the projects and programmes. PRA exercise at MawrohVillage took place on the 26th of September 2019. There were a total of 48 villagers who participated in this exercise.
The initial stage of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise
at Mawroh Village, commenced with a meeting cum orientation program
on CLLMP. While conducting the meeting, the community members
weremade aware of the various PRA exercises to be conducted for the
development of the Community Natural Resource Management Plan
(CNRMP) of the village, the community members’ contribution in the
exercise and the objectives to be achieved. The key informants (the
VNRMC and the VCFs) helped facilitate maximum participation. The
dates and time for conducting the various Participatory Rural
Appraisal (PRA) exercises were fixed in consultation with the
community members and all were requested to participate in the
exercise. The schedule and time was announced at the end of the
meeting.
Participants on the 14.03.2019:
CLLMP officials: Shri.V. Buhphang (DPM), Shri. Wilborn Kurkalang (M & E), Smt. Fondaliza Sohphoh (AM KM), Shri. Reuben Shabong (PA EM) and the DPMU CLLMP Team
Community members:Shri. Kios Lamare (President), Shri. Lamphrang Pale (Secretary),Shri. Maikhel Trang (VCF EM & GIS),Shri. Thiswel Pale (VNRMC Member),Shri. Odiswel Pale (VNRMC Member), Shri.Rowel Amsih (VNRMC Member), Smt.Streamlet Pale(VNRMC Member), Smt. Stil Khymdeit (VNRMC Member), Shri. Warningstar Trang, Shri. Solin Umbah, Shri. Momin Amsih, Shri. Heling Khymdeit and other community members
Commencement of PRA.
Introduction: Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is the process of involving local people in the analysis and interpretation of their own situation of a given rural area. The local people i.e. the participants take a leadership role in collecting, analyzing, interpreting and presenting information and in this process impart knowledge and development insight to the specialists and extension agents
For management of natural resources, participatory Rural Appraisal is conducted to establish rapport with the village community as well as to identify and define problems for prioritization in the village itself. It is a way of learning from and with community members to investigate their need assessment, analyze and evaluate constraints and opportunities and find out priorities in the area of agriculture, small scale rural enterprises and any other social and economic development programs addressed to village development. Based on the principle of listening and learning,
Objectives of PRA exercise at Mawroh Village:
The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise at Mawroh was conducted with following objectives:
To identify the natural, human and economic resources of a village.
To identify the village problems and prioritize them with the help of the community members.
To prepare the Community natural Resource Management Plan of the village.
Activity 1: Village Boundary Mapping:
Activity 2: Drawing the Resource Map
The second step is to involve the local community in preparation of a village resource map as perceived by the community members to solicit their participation. Infrastructure, services and other village resources such as agricultural lands, wells, wastelands, cattle population etc. were mapped. Local people prepared the Resource Map by drawing it on a chart paper without much interference of outsiders
This activity achieved the following purposes:
Rapport building and winning the confidence of the villagers.
Analyzed the spatial information, particularly studied problems and opportunities of villagers.
Got an impression about the village setting, physical layout, location of various houses and institutions.
Findings Based on the Resource Map of Mawroh Village:
Main agriculture produce is Paddy
There are Village, Community, Private types of Forest ownership
5 to 6 springs are present in the village
WahDongbah is the main river that flows along the boundary of the village.
Connectivity :Road, Electricity,water
Habitation is confined to one place
1 Church is present in the village
. schools: 4 to 5
Activity 3: Baseline Data Survey to fill the Environment and Social Template
During the PRA exercise, the CLLMP officials and the community
members were divided into groups to fill the Social and
Environmental Templates.Discussions and consultations with social
groups existing in the village was held to gather basic village
information regarding no. of households, demographic information,
major crops and enterprises taken in the village, trends of
production and productivity of major crops in the village and
demographic distribution of village population.
Activity 5: PROBLEM ANALYSIS
Do people have sufficient access to supply of fodder, fuel wood, leaf litter?
N, People in the village get Fuel wood only from private forest which is not enough for the community. They have to purchase from the outside.
Has access to timber improved or reduced over the years? How is access for household use and commercial use managed?
Access to Timber has reduced over the years. People in the village have to purchase it when needed.
Are the water bodies facing any threats?
Yes, One River (Wah Dongbah) is facing threats; due to Domestic wastes.
Do all people in the village have access to drinking water? What are the challenges?
No. Insufficient availability of drinking water in some areas in the village, due to less discharge of water from the spring sources, lack of water reservoirs and lack of pipelines.
The Village is divided into six hamlets; Mawroh 1, Mawroh 2, Mawroh 3, Mawspeng, Lumthuhrih and Mawsyntiew. Out of these five hamlets, one hamlet i.e Mawsyntiew is facing the most difficulty in access to drinking water as it is located in a hilly area.
Are there degraded areas in the village (open/ degraded forests, mining affected, high soil erosion etc.)?
Minor degradation in cultivated land
What has caused this degradation? Are there practices causing threats to availability and access to natural resources?
Fertility of the soil declines over the year.
What have been the changes in agricultural practices?
Over the years the people in the village have increased agricultural production. Before they only cultivate Paddy, Ginger and Tomato. Now beside these, they have started to cultivate other vegetables like Capsicum and Turmeric etc.
They are also using Chemical Fertilizer, pesticide etc.
Are there any challenges in farming?
The main challenge in farming has been the loss of soil fertility.
How would you consider the health situation in your village?
The nearest PHC is at a distance of 1Km which is easily accessible for the villagers.
Diseases such as Malaria and Tuberculosis are still there in the village. However, at present situations have improved wherein the previous diseases are less prevalent, besides mild fever.
How is the situation of cleanliness, sanitation, access to toilets and waste management?
The village traditional committee organises the cleaning drive two times in a month and there is a dumper car which comes to collect wastes once in a week to keep the village clean.
Sufficient toilets are available in every household and 32 households have access to toilets through the (SBM) Swachh Bharat Mission Scheme.
Who are the most vulnerable in the village? What can be done to improve their lives?
BPL Families. Inclusion of BPL family members during project implementation.
What are the livelihood aspirations of the youth? Are there any avenues available?
None, except daily wages.
Do any committees/ institutions/ rules exist to manage and monitor natural resources in the village?
The VNRMC under the CLLMP is managing the natural resources in the village.
What are some of the major issues of conflict in the village?
Social dispute due to alcohol abuse.
Have any of the above issues been discussed in village meetings?
Yes the village Dorbar have discussed the issues and are doing their best to address these problems.
How do people resolve disagreements and conflicts?
All disagreements and conflicts are addressed by the traditional institution of village’s governance called the Village Dorbar.
Activity6: Seasonality Calendar
The CLLMP team also mapped the seasonal calendar of Mawroh Village to help identify heavy workload periods, periods of relative ease, credit crunch, diseases, food security, wage availability etc. This will prove helpful in project planning and project timeline framing.
Participants:
Smt. Jacqueline L Mawphlang- VNRMC Member
Smt. Tilda K. Mawphlang- VNRMC Member
Smt.Wanbok Lyngdoh- Village Community Facilitator
Shri.Ricky Majaw- Village Community Facilitator
Shri. Orester Syngkli - Village Community Facilitator
Shri. Opel Lyngdoh - Purchase Committee Member
SEASONAL CALENDAR | ||||||||||||||
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Sl No. | CRITERIA | JAN | FEB | MAR | APRL | MAY | JUNE | JULY | AUG | SEP | OCT | NOV | DEC | |
1 | Water Scarcity | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||
2 | Prone to sickness | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
3 | Seeking job outside | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
4 | Rain Fall | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | |||||||
5 | Free – Less work | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
6 | Paddy Cultivation | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
7 | Paddy harvesting | 1 | 2 | |||||||||||
8 | Ginger cultivation | 3 | 2 | 1 | ||||||||||
9 | Ginger harvesting | 2 | 3 | 1 | ||||||||||
10 | Tree Plantation | 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||||||||
11 | Vegetable (crop cultivation) | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||||||
12 | Vegetable (crop harvesting) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 2 | 3 | ||||||
13 | Festive Season | 1 | 3 | 2 | ||||||||||
14 | Forest fire | 1 | 1 | |||||||||||
15 | Collection of Fuel wood | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | 2 |
MAXIMUM | 1 |
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MODERATE | 2 |
LESS | 3 |
Activity 7:Submission of the List of NRM activities proposed by the VNRMC.
The Finalized Community Natural Resource Management Plan of Mawroh Village.
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CONTOUR TRENCHES | JAKA MISSION BALANG |
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CHECKDAM | UM KONGKLEN MAWSPENG |
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1.MAWSPENG 2.MAWSYNTU 3.LUMTHUHRIH |
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1.MAWSPENG 2.LUM MAWSYNTIEW |
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KHLAW PHADAR |
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MAWSYNTIEW VIEW POINT |
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MAWSPENG |
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FARM FATHER |
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VIEW POINT |
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MAWROH BLOCK 2 |
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UMBULI |
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MAWROH |
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MAWSPENG |
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MAWROH |
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DORBAR HALL |
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KHLAW SHNONG |
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UMBILI |
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Lum Mawspeng |
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GIS Activities – Mawroh
Sl.No | Parameters | Village Information |
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1. | GPS Coordinates | |
i | Latitude | 25.90970 N |
ii | Longitude | 91.88265 E |
iii | Elevation Reading (MSL) | 586 m |
2. | Village Geographical Area(Ha) | 101.27 Ha |
i | Total Forest Area ( including community, Clan, Pvt Forest) | 77.37 ha |
ii | Total Area of Water Bodies | 0.40 ha |
iii | Total Area under Agri- Horticulture | 93.26 ha |
iv | Total Degraded land area (Ha) | 5.72 ha |
3 | Average Annual Rainfall | 1000-1500 |
4 | Soil Type | Loamy soil |
PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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HEADWORK AND SPRING CHAMBER | Khlaw Phadar | 1,20,000 47,000 |
Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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CONTOUR TRENCHES | LUM MAWSPENG | 49,740 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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VERMI COMPOST | MAWROH 2 | 3,32,640 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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CHECK DAM | LUM MAWSPENG | 1,25,190 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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AFFORESTATION | LUM MAWSYNTIEW | 1,19,525 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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BENCH TERRACING | LUMSHNONG MAWROH | 2,29,000 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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COMMUNITY POND | KHLAW PHADAR | 30,030 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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Polyhouse for orchid cum medicinal plant | Lum Mawspeng | 3,62,755 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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FIRELINE | Lum Mawspeng | 31,000 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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BENCH TERRACING | Lum Mawspeng | 1,35,400 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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NURSERY | KHLAW PHADAR | 1,19,300 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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Rain Water Harvesting (Convergence) |
Durbar Hall | 1,53,600 | Completed |
INTERVENTION | SITE NAME | AMOUNT | WORK STATUS |
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Upgradation of Nursery | Lum Mawsyntiew | 300000 | Completed |
Intervention | Site Name | Amount | Work Status |
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Excess fund activities Water Tester Solar light Spring Chamber 2 |
community land Madan Mawspeng |
1,42,959 | Completed |
Intervention | Site Name | Amount | Work Status |
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FMP Activities 1.Fire Control Line 2. .Assisted natural regeneration in open forests (Contour Bund Cum Afforestation) 3.Community Forest Boundary Survey 4.Enrichment Planting in forests blanks 5.Nursery for Food Forestry (Sapling for the Existing Nursery 6. In situ & Ex situ conservation of rare and endangered species |
Community Land | 65.707 | Completed |