Umjong Village Report(Social, Environment,Accounts)

Community Led Landscape Management Project (CLLMP)

The Government of Meghalaya with financial help from the World Bank is implementing the Meghalaya Community Led Landscape Management Project (MCLLMP). The project will cover the entire state of Meghalaya and implementation of community led plans will be rolled out in phase manner throughout the state. The Meghalaya Basin Management Agency (MBMA) will facilitate community-led planning by providing support, technical inputs and funding.

The project is intended to strengthen community-led natural resources management in selected landscapes within the 11 districts of the state. This would be achieved through a variety of planning, capacity building, and on-the-ground interventions to promote the conservation, sustainable use of natural resources, social inclusion and community mobilisation; building traditional knowledge and learning, mapping of natural resources management; strengthening the community institutions and creating linkage with financial institutions and community organizations.

The project interventions include preparation of community led natural resource management plans. The CLLMP has the following three components:

Strengthening Knowledge and Capacity of Communities for NaturalResources Management
Community-Led Landscape Planning and Implementation
Project Management and Governance

The project objective is “to manage and conserve the natural resources, especially forests, soil and water sources, in a manner that supports the financial and physical well-being of communities in the State”

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SCOPE

The CLLM-Programme focuses on increasing the capacities of communities and traditional institutions (TI) by adopting a landscape approach to manage their natural resources such as soil, springs and other water sources, forests and bio-diversity, etc.
The project will be planned and implemented in about 400 villages across the state.
CLLMP has a strong focus on institution-building at the village-level, by ensuring systematic capacity-building on technical and social skill-sets.
The project will also extend such training to communities beyond the targeted villages and support efforts made by them to access funding from various rural and natural resources initiatives and schemes.

The programme will also invest in improving the process and outcome delivery, by developing and adhering to effective systems and procedures, supported by the appropriate technology.

Benefits:

Benefits for community (Skills and Capacity relating to technical and managerial areas like NRM and Conflict resolution
Benefits to traditional institutions (village councils, traditional leaders, community-based organizations, SHGs etc) through Knowledge sharing, promotion of innovative approach, access to technology, technical managerial and financial support.
It is estimated that the project will impact around 1 lakh partners (of which 50% are women) who depend on land, forest, agro forestry.
Through the project, 55000 Ha of targeted area will be ensured with availability of water, biological resources and soil productivity, which will in turn benefit around 400 villages and the outcomes delivery can be summarized as follows.

IMPLEMENTATION AGENCY:

The Project is executed by the MBMA in collaboration with other partners particularly, SIRD (for training and capacity building), Department of Soil and Water Conservation, Water Resource Department, Forest Department, specifically with respect to technical inputs, safeguards management and Community NRM plan preparation

PROJECT PERIOD

2018-2023 (5 years)

Introduction

Umjong Village falls under Umling C&RD block of Ri-Bhoi district in the state of Meghalaya. The village is at a distance of 25 Kms from Nongpoh, the district headquarters of Ri Bhoi District and is at a total distance of 76 Kms from the state capital, Shillong.It falls under Raid Nong-Lyngdoh with a total geographical area of 1036.87 ha and a total population of 310 villagers.

Umjong village is located in the Raid Nonglyngdoh, Hima Kharlyngdoh of the Nongpoh Sirdarship Ri Bhoi district. It is located on the border area of Assam and Meghalaya surrounded by Narsong Hill, Ziri Huwang Hill and Umpli River which also divides the border of Assam and Meghalaya. The early inhabitants of this village were people who fled from Jaintia Hills due to the tyranny of the King of Sutnga. In the beginning this was an area filled with thick forests where it was believed that deities used to reside. The village was named Umjong because the Umjong River was filled with black stones and makes the water look black due to their reflection. The name ‘Um’ means ‘Water’ and ‘Jong’ means ‘Black’, so it means ‘Black Water’ which describes the river. The people residing in this village are from the Khasi Bhoi tribe and call themselves the Karow.

At the beginning there were just 7-8 households in the village which consisted of the Makri Clan and the Maring Clan. These clans prospered in the village and afterwards the Lapangclan came to settle down here. There are 63 households in the village now from these clans. Most of the villagers are farmers and they cultivate rice, betel leaves, betel nuts, and fruits.

The village has many hills in and around the village like the Narsong, Thad Kba Meirandup, Ziri Huwang, Mawheh, Nari, Diengblei and ZiriSohshang Hills, it also has many rivers in its vicinity like Umjong, umpli, Um-Mapar, IrKremKhruk, Jyr-am and Umsia River. There is also a Catholic Primary School in the village which was founded by Missionaries in the year 1977 which is still run by the Missionary with the help of the villagers. There are also SHGs in the village and also some groups organized by the churches in the village.

The Village has received a few schemes in the past which includes:

Watershed Project from the Agriculture department in 2006.
PMAY-G scheme in the year 2018 and 2020.
MGNREGA scheme- 2 motorable roads, 2 water tanks and Afforestation.
PHE water supply in the year 2002.

Social Profile

The total number of households is 63 and has a population of 310 people. Agriculture and its allied activities are highly in vogue, where some few others are also enrolled in government and teaching jobs and some few inhabitants are engaged in local businesses.

Village Accessibility: In order to reach Umjong village, one must venture through the Nongpoh-20Mile to Umdap P.W.D. road lying 25Km away from Nongpoh. Upon reaching the village name Umdap one must turn right in order to reach Umjong.

Literacy: As per the 2011 census, the village literacy rate has touched to the tune of 64%. Credit primarily goes to one primary school of the village which was founded in 1977. The school is now known as the R.C.L.P School Umjong.

Presently the village is run, managed and guided by its active Durbar as the highest authority in the village which is alternatively comprised of the Seng Kynthei, (Women Wing) Seng Samla (Youth Wing) and Village Defence Party (VDP) all collectively aiming for the overall good and growth of the village. Other committees such as (1)Village Employment Council (VEC) (2)Village Health Sanitation and Nutrition Committee (VHSNC) (3)Village Level Co-Ordination Committee (VLCC) (4)Vigilance Committee, (5) Village Water and Sanitation Committee (6) Village Forest Fire Control Committee are constantly active and vigil as well, working in due co-operation between themselves for a brighter tomorrow of the village.

Population $C:\Users\User\Downloads\1. Communities Inhabiting.png$

As per Census 2011, Umjong population is 210 and in 2020 the total population of Umjong has been increase to 310. Out of this, 152 are males while the females count is 158. This village has 44 children in the age group of 0-4 years, among them 21 are boys and 23 are girls.

Age Group	Male	Female	Total
0-4	21	23	44
5-14	45	42	87
15-30	49	46	95
30-60	33	39	72
Above 60	4	8	12

BPL/APL Household:

Particulars	No. of HH
BPL HH	54
APL HH	9

Card Holding Household:

Particulars	No. of HH
Total HH	63
Ration Card HH	63
Health Card HH

Fuel Type:

Fuel Type	Total HH

Charcoal	0
Biomass	0
Wood	63
LPG	0
Electric Heater	0
Kerosene	0

OCCUPATION:The people of the village rely on agriculture and forest products for their livelihood. The main occupation of the villagers is farming followed by Teacher, Lawyer and Driver. $C:\Users\User\Downloads\2. Occupation.png$

Jhum cultivation: mainly take up traditional approaches of cultivation like Jhum or the shifting cultivation. $C:\Users\User\Downloads\3. Key constraints in the Village.png$ $C:\Users\User\Downloads\4. Land Use Pattern.png$

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CLLMP ACTIVITIES

Ground Truthing Dated: 19^th of June 2019

The CLLMP team met with Mr. Premus Makri, headman of Umjong village on the 19th of June 2019. He provided the team with important information regarding the current scenario of the landscape and the natural resource management under his chairmanship.

Figure 1 : Ground-truthing at Umjong Village.

Case Findings & Selection parameters: -

1. There are 63 Households out of which 54 Households fall under the BPL category.

2. VEC actively performing.

3. Around 20 acres of community land available.

4. The Community members express their need for check dam construction.

5. The village has one source of drinking water, six springs.

6. They have three main rivers, “Wah Umpli”“Wah Ummapar” and “Wah umjong”

7. The village has around 10 acres of degraded land

The Village has been selected under the Community Led Landscape Management Project.

2. Sensitization Programme Dated: 20.06.2019

The District Project Manager and the Assistant Managers held a village Level sensitization Programme on the Community Led Landscape Management project on the 20th of June 2019.The villagers actively participated in the program, voicing out their concerns and questions regarding the project making it a huge success.

The CLLMP officials gave a brief introduction on Meghalaya Basin Management Agency (MBMA) and elucidated about the various programmes and projects that MBMA is working on, they then gave a detailed introduction on the Community led Landscape Management Project(CLLMP)and the different aspects and procedures that the villagers and the CLLMP team should carry out during the course of the project and the importance of the involvement of the community for the CLLM-Project to be a success. They gave due importance to the environmental aspects of the project and enlightened them on the various benefits that the villagers could obtain from the project.

The Program was followed by an interactive session to answer the doubts and questions of the villagers.

2.2 Signing of Documents:

After the interactive session, the village signed the EOI, VGA and Green charter followed by the selection of candidates for the Village Natural Resource Management Committee. The Village Executive Committee (VEC) and the entire community carried out the procedure and elected the members of the VNRMC on the same day.

Figure: Signing of EOI and VGA

2.3 Formation of the VNRMC

The Formation of the Village Natural Resource Management Committee was done in a public meeting in the presence of the entire village and the CLLMP staffs. The community itself chose the President, the Secretary and the other executive members of the Committee.

Listed below are the members of the VNRMC:

Village Natural Resource Management Committee (9 member committee constituted from Village Council, SHG group, Women’s group, youth, VEC)
Sl N o	Name in Full	Designation	Gender M/F	Age (Yrs)	Education	Occupation	Community	Religion and Denomination	Contact No and email address
1	Paul Makri	Chairman	M	63	III	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	6909281479
2	Tresina Maring	Secretary	F	31	XII	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	7085360473
3	Premus Makri	Bookkeeper	M	32	X	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	9862407174
4	Driyo Makri	Member	M	45	IV	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	NA
5	Thmel Makri	Member	M	42	VII	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	NA
6	Ngel Maring	Member	F	44	VII	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	NA
7	Rona Maring	Member	F	27	VI	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	NA
8	Dina Makri	Member	F	42	VII	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	NA
9	Durir Maring	Member	M	54	NA	Farmer	Khasi	Christian	NA

Village Community Facilitators
Sl.No.	Name	Gender	Age	Education	Contact Number	Role
1	Lilirus Makri	F	19	BA	6909089879	Social Management & KM
2	Celestine Makri	M	27	X	7627960690	Environmental Management & GIS
3	Martina Makri	F	28	XII	8131089071	Project Management M&E

Purchase Committee
Sl.No.	Name	Gender	Age	Education	Contact Number
1	Bernadeth Maring	Male	42	VIII	NA
2	Rosalia Lapang	Female	26	VII	7629008718
3	Benedick Khymdeit	Male	35	IV	7085453525

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Figure: The Village Facilitators (VCF) of Umjong Village

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Figure: The Procurement Committee of Umjong Village

Figure: The VNRMC Members of Umjong Village $D:\CLLMP\PRA Images\Umjong PRA\IMG-20210121-WA0001.jpg$

3. Opening of a Bank Account.

The opening of the bank account was initiated after the village signed the EOI (Expression of Interest), the VGA (Village Grant Agreement) and the Green Charter. The Accountant of the Ri Bhoi CLLMP team trained the Purchasing and Procurement Committee of Umjong Village on matters relating to Accounts and Bookkeeping on the 5^th of December 2019. The VNRMC opened the bank account on the 12^th September,2019 $C:\Users\Lavinia Pde\Desktop\Passbooks\WhatsApp Image 2023-02-09 at 18.17.37.jpeg$

Participatory Rural Appraisal Exercise 1^st October 2019

The PRA exercise aims to incorporate the knowledge and opinions of the community in the planning and management of development projects and programmes.PRA exercise at Umjong Village took place on the 1^st of October 2019. There were a total of 60 villagers who participated in this exercise

The initial stage of Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise at Umjong Village commenced with a meeting cum orientation program on CLLMP. While conducting the meeting, the community members were made aware of the various PRA exercises to be conducted for the development of the Community Natural Resource Management Plan (CNRMP) of the village, the community members’ contribution in the exercise and the objectives to be achieved. The key informants (the VNRMC and the VCFs) helped facilitate maximum participation. The dates and time for conducting the various Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercises were fixed in consultation with the community members and all were requested to participate in the exercise. The schedule and time was announced at the end of the meeting.

Participants on the 1.10.2019:

CLLMP officials: Smt. Fondaliza Sohphoh (AM-Knowledge Management), Shri Reuben Shabong (AM-Environmental Management) and the DPMU CLLMP Team

Community members: Shri. J. Vincent maring (Chairman), Smt. Tresina Maring (Secreatry) Shri. Premus Makri (Book-Keeper)Shri. Driyo Makri, Shri. Thmel Makri, Smt. Ngel maring,Shri. Durir Maring, Smt. Rona maring, Smt. Dina makri (VNRMC Members), Shri. Celestine Makri. Smt. Lilirus Makri, Smt. Martina Makri (VCF) and other community members

Commencement of PRA.

Introduction: Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) is the process of involving local people in the analysis and interpretation of their own situation of a given rural area. The local people i.e. the participants take a leadership role in collecting, analyzing, interpreting and presenting information and in this process impart knowledge and development insight to the specialists and extension agents

For management of natural resources, participatory Rural Appraisal is conducted to establish rapport with the village community as well as to identify and define problems for prioritization in the village itself. It is a way of learning from and with community members to investigate their need assessment, analyze and evaluate constraints and opportunities and find out priorities in the area of agriculture, small scale rural enterprises and any other social and economic development programs addressed to village development. Based on the principle of listening and learning,

Objectives of PRA exercise at Umjong Village:

The Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) exercise at Umjong was conducted with following objectives:

To identify the natural, human and economic resources of a village.
To identify the village problems and prioritize them with the help of the community members.
To prepare the Community natural Resource Management Plan of the village.

Activity 1: Village Boundary Mapping:

The GIS personnel along with the headman of Umjong Village outlined the boundary of the Village on the 17^th of August 2020.

Activity 2: Drawing the Resource Map

The second step is to involve the local community in preparation of a village resource map as perceived by the community members to solicit their participation. Infrastructure, services and other village resources such as agricultural lands, wells, wastelands, cattle population etc. were mapped. Local people prepared the Resource Map by drawing it on a chart paper without much interference from outsiders.

This activity achieved the following purposes:

Rapport building and winning the confidence of the villagers.
Analyzed the spatial information, particularly studied problems and opportunities of villagers.
Got an impression about the village setting, physical layout, location of various houses and institutions.

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Findings Based on the Resource Map of Umjong Village:

Main agriculture produce is Paddy, banana, betel nut and betel leaf plantation.
There are 2 types of Forest ownership: Community and Private.

1 community forest
4 private forest

Presence of Community hall.
4 springs and 1 stream are present in the village.
Five rivers are present in the village, ’’Wah Umsla, Wah Jyram, Wah Ummapar, Wah Umpli and Wah Umjong’’
Three water tanks are available.
Two dugout ponds for fisheries.
School: One L.Pschools is present in the village.
Habitation is not confined to one place but spread all over the village.
Church: One Church is present in the village
Three Villages i.e Khongwing, Ronhilik and Twah Mawlong are present.

Activity 3: Baseline Data Survey to fill the Environment and Social Template

Date: 13.10.2020

During the PRA exercise, the EE of Social & Environmental Management and the community members were divided into groups to fill the Social and Environmental Templates.Discussions and consultations with social groups existing in the village was held to gather basic village information regarding no. of households, demographic information, major crops and enterprises taken in the village, trends of production and productivity of major crops in the village and demographic distribution of village population.

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(Continuation of PRA)

Activity 5: PROBLEM ANALYSIS

Do people have sufficient access to supply of fodder, fuel wood, leaf litter?

Yes, people in the village still have sufficient access to supply of fodder, fuel wood, and leaf litter. They get it from community forest and from their own private lands/forest.

Has access to timber improved or reduced over the years? How is access for household use and commercial use managed?

Access to Timber has reduced over the years, but at present there is still enough timber for household use and commercial use managed.

Are the water bodies facing any threats?

Yes, one spring (Wah Erngimajaw) is facing threats: due to over extraction.

Do all people in the village have access to drinking water? What are the challenges?

No. Insufficient availability of drinking water due to lack of water reservoirs and water supply from the spring sources.
The Village is divided into three hamlets; Pahamlum, Pahamthemand Pahamthymmai. With Pahamthem has much easier access to drinking water as compared to Pahamlum and Pahamthymai because these two hamlets are located in hilly areas.

Are there degraded areas in the village (open/ degraded forests, mining affected, high soil erosion etc.)?

Minor degradation in cultivated land

What has caused this degradation? Are there practices causing threats to availability and access to natural resources?

Fertility of the soil declines over the year.
Excessive practice of mono cropping system

What have been the changes in agricultural practices?

Over the years the people in the village have increased agricultural production.
Before they only cultivated Paddy and some vegetables like Pumpkin, Chilis and Yam. Now they have also started to cultivate and produce Betel Nut, Betel leaves Bananas and Broomstick etc.

Are there any challenges in farming?

The main challenge in farming has been the loss of soil fertility and disturbing of Wild animals (Monkeys, Wild Boar and Deer etc).

How would you consider the health situation in your village?

The nearest PHC is at the distance of 13Km and one Mission Dispensary is at the distance of 7 Km which is not easily accessible for the villagers due to the poor construction of road connectivity.
At present the most prevalent sickness in the village is skin diseases of children from 2 to 4 years.

How is the situation of cleanliness, sanitation, access to toilets and waste management?

The VHSC (Village Health and Sanitation Committee) organises the cleaning drive once in a month.
Sufficient toilets are available in every household but the quality of construction is poor.

Who are the most vulnerable in the village? What can be done to improve their lives?

BPL Families. Inclusion of BPL family members during project implementation

What are the livelihood aspirations of the youth? Are there any avenues available?

None, except daily wages

Do any committees/ institutions/ rules exist to manage and monitor natural resources in the village?

Yes. VNRMC under the CLLMP and Village Durbar Committee.

What are some of the major issues of conflict in the village?

No. There is no dispute or conflict in the village, the people are living in a peaceful environment.

Have any of the above issues been discussed in village meetings?

Yes, whenever there are any conflicts or issues, the village Dorbar will discuss and are doing their best to address these problems.

How do people resolve disagreements and conflicts?

Any issues or conflicts in the village are addressed by the traditional institution of village’s governance called the Village Dorbar.

13.10.2020 (Continuation of PRA)

Activity 6: Seasonality Calendar

The CLLMP team also mapped the seasonal calendar of Umjong Village to help identify heavy workload periods, periods of relative ease, credit crunch, diseases, food security, wage availability etc. This will prove helpful in project planning and project timeline framing.

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PFigure: Preparation of Seasonality Calendar

Participants:

Shri. Paul Makri- President of VNRMC
Smt. Lilyrus Makri - Village Community Facilitator
Shri. Du Maring - Community Member
Shri. Ribon Maring - Community Member
Smt. Thesina Maringi- VNRMC Member

SEASONALITY CALENDAR
Sl No.	CRITERIA	JAN	FEB	MAR	APRL	MAY	JUNE	JULY	AUG	SEP	OCT	NOV	DEC
1	Water Scarcity	3	2	1	1	3
2	Prone to sickness			1	1
3	Seeking job outside	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
4	Rain Fall					2	1	1	2	3
5	Free – Less work									2	3
6	Paddy Cultivation					3	2	1	1
7	Paddy harvesting											1	1
8	Betel Nut Cultivation				1	1	2
9	Betel Nut Harvesting							1	2
10	Tree Plantation				1	1
11	Vegetable (crop cultivation)	1	1		1	1
12	Vegetable (crop harvesting)		1	1						2	1	3
13	Festive Season	1	2
14	Forest fire			1	1
15	Collection of Fuel wood	2	2	1	1

MAXIMUM	1
MODERATE	2
LESS	3

Activity 7:Submission of the List of NRM activities proposed by the VNRMC.

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The Finalized Community Natural Resource Management Plan of Umjong Village.

Area of Intervention	Intervention 1	Intervention 2	Intervention 3	Intervention 4	Intervention 5
Area of Intervention	Activity/ Site	Activity/ Site	Activity/ Site	Activity/ Site	Activity/ Site
Soil and Water Conservation	Check Damx2 (Jyram and Ummapar)	Contour trenches x 3 (Jyram, Ummapar and Ummapar)
Land Productivity Enhancement	Vermi Composting (Thoi neitri)
Spring Shed Management	Spring Chamber x2 (Ir-lyngut and Ir-patlur)
Afforestation/ Community Forestry Activities	Community Nursery (Thoineitri)	Afforestation (Lum Jyram)	Nursery for Orchids (Pdem charapih)	Medicinal Plant Nursery (Ziri Sohngang)
Forest area under management plans	Forest Fire Control Lines x2 (Lum Jyram and Lum Nari)
Enhancement of Agro-forestry Activities	Agroforestry (Lum Nari)
Culturable waste land brought under Horticulture	Horticulture (Lum Narsong)
Activities to Treat Mining Affected Area
Others	Community ponds x2 (Lum Nari and Twah Mawlong)

GIS Activities – UMJONG

Sl.No	Parameters	Village Information
1.	GPS Coordinates
i	Latitude	26.008603°N
ii	Longitude	91.936841°E
iii	Elevation Reading (MSL)	262 M
2.	Village Geographical Area(Ha)	1036.87 Ha
i	Total Forest Area ( including community, Clan, Pvt Forest)	691.37 Ha
ii	Total Area of Water Bodies	1.26 Ha
iii	Total Area under Agri- Horticulture	47.99 Ha
iv	Total Degraded land area (Ha)	183.92 Ha
3	Average Annual Rainfall	1000-1200
4	Soil Type	Loamy soil

PROJECT IMPLEMENTATION

Intervention	Site Name	Total amount	Work Status
Vermi Compost Unit	Thoi neit ri	3,32,460	Completed

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Intervention	Site Name	Total amount	Work Status
Nursery	Thoi neit ri	1,19,300	Completed

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Intervention	Site Name	Total amount	Work Status
Check Dam	Wah Jyram	3,26,500	Completed

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Intervention	Site Name	Total amount	Work Status
Check Dam 2	Ir- Krem Khrup	1,37,000	Completed

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Intervention	Site Name	Total amount	Work Status
Afforestation	Lum Jyram	5,54,720	Completed

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Intervention	Site Name	Total Amount	Work Status
Check dam for Fish Sanctuary	Wah Umjong	5,00,000	Completed

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Intervention	Site name	Amount	Status
Spring Chamber	Irpatlur	1,20,000	Completed

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Intervention	Site name	Amount	Status
Upgradation of Nursery	Thoi neit ri	1,85,020	Completed

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Intervention	Site Name	Total Amount	Work Status
Earthen bund cum bio fencing	Khlaw shnong	380000	Completed

Intervention	Site Name	Total Amount	Work Status
Waste Mangement bin ( Excess Fund)	Madan skul	84800	Completed

FMP Activities

1.Fire Control Line

2. Assisted natural regeneration in open forest (Bench terrace cum agroforestry)

3.Community Forest Boundary Survey

4. Enrichment planting in forest blanks

5. In-situ & ex-situ conservation of rare and endangered plants

6.Nursery for Food Forestry (Sampling for the Existing Nursery)

Community Land

172,843

180,564

8,000

137,488

18,000

11,000

Completed

Excess fund activities

Bench Terraing

Water Tester

Solar light

Dustbin

community land

Khlaw shnong

Community land

“

2,68,500

1,33,700

10,000

25,000

15,000

Completed

TESTIMONIALS

President- Bandessor Makri

It is evident from the fact that our village has been hugely transformed ever since CLLMP has been introduced in our village and the positive impact it has had on our community. The project appears to focus on various aspects such as water management, horticulture, afforestation, waste management, and imparting knowledge to everyone. It's great to see that the project has brought many benefits and improvements to the village. A summary of the benefits are as follow:

Increased Water Sources: The project has helped address the scarcity of water in the village by creating additional water sources, likely through the construction of spring chambers and check dams.

Environmental Benefits: The project has focused on environmental conservation by implementing afforestation measures and taking care of trees. This has led to cleaner water sources and fresher air in the village.

Educational Opportunities: Members of the project, including the VCF (Village Community Facilitators), VNRMC members have gained knowledge and skills in various areas, such as data entry, record-keeping, and accounting among others that have improved the understanding and knowledge of the members.

Soil Erosion and Drought Prevention: Measures like bench terracing and check dams have helped prevent soil erosion and mitigate the impact of droughts.

Waste Management: The project has utilized waste plastic for some purpose, likely contributing to waste management efforts in the village.

Community Involvement: The project has involved the local community, empowering VCF members to actively participate and contribute to the betterment of the village.

Safety of Surrounding Forests: Afforestation efforts have contributed to the safety and preservation of the surrounding forest areas.

Overall, this project seems to have had a positive and transformative impact on the village, addressing various environmental and socio-economic challenges. It's heartening to see how collaborative efforts can lead to meaningful improvements in local communities and as the head of the village I’m grateful for the endless support, assistance and a huge transformation that the project has brought in our village.

Secretary - Thesina Maring

Human's interference in the environment due to their unlimited wants has not only exploited the resources in it, but has also deprived the future generations of their own needs. But with the coming of the project in our Village they have reshaped and molded our thoughts and actions with regards to Mother Nature. Their continuous training, meetings, guidance at various intervals, have been of great help. From restoring the quality of our soil to restoring the water sources the project has done it all. I hope that the Project will continue to implement such interventions that will serve the best not just for the present generation but also to those who are yet to come which indicates a strong commitment to sustainable practices and the protection of the environment in the long term.

Overall, the project has a positive impact in the village, improving the environment, and fostering a sense of responsibility and stewardship among the community members.

VCF- M&E : Martina Makri

The project has not only benefited the village in terms of NRM activities but it has also catered to the daily livelihoods of the project which is of great importance. The overall implementation serves the best interest of the villagers and now not only they benefited from these works but also committed to work on how to restore, protect and sustainably maintain these implementations. By involving the community in restoration and protection efforts, the project has instilled a sense of commitment and responsibility towards maintaining the environment for future generations.

VCF- KM& SM- Lily Rose Makri

The project has empowered the villagers to actively participate in its implementation, providing opportunities for individuals like me to become members of the Village Community Fail;tators (VCF) and contribute to the betterment of the village. The project has also offered training and learning opportunities, enabling villagers to enhance their skills, such as reading, writing, record-keeping, and accounting. During my tenure as a VCF I have had the experience to attend various trainings, to look after aspects of management of the natural resources within the village. This role has not only benefited me personally but also to my family as I can support and pool financially to meet the requirements of my family.